Reflective Report For Project In Fostering Solutions

Reflective Report For Project In Fostering Solutions As a part of my Postgraduate degree program I got an internship opportunity for a period of three months at Fostering Solutions Ltd. The internship duration was from June till September. This report is a reflection on my experience of working as a consultant at Fostering Solutions. The project consisted of conducting a Competitor Analysis for the betterment of Fostering Solutions. Along with me were my team members Li who was responsible for carrying out the process improvement and Mani Shankar was vested with the responsibility of devising a national and marketing strategy. There was going to be a lot of team work, since the three parts would be combined together as one project. The project turned out to be a grand success and in this report I take you through my journey as a consultant from the beginning of the project till its conclusion looking at the various problems I faced and how I overcame them, the skills I learnt, my strongest motivation, how we developed team capabilities and finally the ending of the project. This was one of earliest projects that were posted on blackboard which I applied for, and was successful in proclaiming an internship after an interview with Fostering Solutions at Manchester Business School. It was a special feeling as I had a chance to work for a foreign company and this would subsequently add commendable strength to my resume. The Beginning The prospect of working on a live project as a consultant evoked plenty of excitement. For me the most significant aspect of the project was my opportunity to inculcate the theories and models I learnt in class to the corporate world. Having done my Bachelors in Management studies and currently pursuing a Post graduation in Business Analysis, this was the perfect opportunity for me to utilize my skills and relate to the learnings from the classroom. Most significantly having the knowledge and understanding of business models which I studied in the Analysing companies module at Manchester Business School helped me a lot. Though, this was possible only because I was able to implement those learnings in my internship project. The beginning was challenging because this was a new industry to me and we were unfamiliar with the concept of fostering. I had to start from scratch by learning the fostering basics, the industry mechanics followed by the current scenario of the market. This was going to be the foundation of the project and a key factor to its success. All this had to be done in a short span of time because I needed to get a head start in the project. 2.1 Day 1 In our first meeting with the client at Fostering Solutions Ltd, we were introduced as external consultants to all the members of staff in different departments. My first observation about the company was its organisational culture. I noticed that the organisational culture was of the role culture type, in which the organisation is split up into various functions and each individual is responsible for a particular duty. (Learn management, 2010) We were given a briefing about the project, the companys background and the fostering industry in general. I learnt that Michelle Sloan would be supervising me for my part of the project at the company. My first impression about Michelle was that she is a friendly and easy going person. I was given authority and freedom to work in any method comfortable to me. Her style of leadership was participative, since she would give me freedom and authority to work in my own way although she would check and double check my work to assess its suitability . We were presented a red folder containing inspection reports of different offices of fostering solutions, details of Fostering Solutions offices, contact details and a survey that was conducted on foster carers named as Foster Carer Viewpoints. This was the first significant aspect of my learning process to carry out a competitor analysis, this was regarding an inspection carried out by an organisation named Ofsted on independent agencies known as Ofsted Ratings. I learnt that Ofsted ratings is one way to assess competitors. The motivation I was strongly motivated by the fact that Fostering Solutions were going to take our findings and analysis very seriously. Subsequently our supervisor Prof Kurt kept highlighting the fact that Fostering Solutions unlike other big company internship project would analyse our recommendations meticulously and implement a few key ones. Knowing I had an opportunity to make a difference to an organisation was a big driving force for me. In addition to this I acknowledged to the fact that I was working for a social cause of helping overcome the shortage of foster carers in United Kingdom to the increase in the number of children in care with local authorities. My findings would help Fostering Solutions to recruit better and more foster carers and in turn help a number of children find homes and family. The Learning process In this section I reflect upon the learning process with respect to this internship project. I illustrate the gradual progress I made towards completion of the project successfully, there were learnings and knowledge gain at every level. The learning process began with understanding the foster carer approval process. Understanding this process was very complex and was a difficult task. As the project progressed I realised I cannot compare the approval process or the number of foster carers approved between different competitors because they would not divulge such key information to me. There was no other procedure to find the information either. However understanding this process helped me understand that for a fostering agency it is critical that the right people register their initial interest with the agency. This was the first step to recruiting foster carers. Therefore, more the number of suitable applications received more will be the foster carers approved. The learning proces s continued with understanding the Fostering industry business model. Learning and understanding the business model was key to carry out an efficient competitor analysis. Independent agencies like Fostering Solutions recruit and approve foster carers, and place them with children provided by local authority. The Independent agency charges the local authority for this and pays the foster carer allowance for their carer service. Shown below is my understanding and reflection about the fostering industry business model. My Understanding of the Fostering Industry Business Model For determining an organisations success in todays highly competitive and complex environment, the business model is the most significant tool. I understood that for any company to exist in this industry it has to recruit foster carers. Subsequently, I learnt more and more about the company, the industry and how things work in general with each passing week. One of the key learnings was when I realised that the local authority runs this industry and is a key ingredient of the business model. This understanding was essential for me to carry out my competitor analysis. After this the most significant aspect was to list out the key issues involved in recruiting foster carers. I understood that different people had different motivations to choose fostering. They are 1. For the sole purpose of fostering. 2. For the purpose of fostering and the financial interest in the allowance they would get. 3. They could be interested in adoption but first would like to foster the child and adopt at a later stage. After this I began the data collection process by assembling data regarding the industry to write a brief description and the challenges it is facing. By doing so, I learnt that there was a shortage of foster carers in the industry and an increase in the number of children coming into care. I learnt that the government of the United Kingdom were looking to reduce spending on Fostering in the coming years and this was a major threat to the fostering industry. By the end of June after consulting with Michelle, Fostering Solutions, we short listed nine companies on whom I would be filing reports which would shed light on how these firms compete with Fostering Solutions in the market. On doing further analysis to understand the factors which clarified how these firms compete with Fostering Solutions, I came up with criteria on which they would be compared and analysed, these criteria included turnover, profit margin, number of employees, location, foster carer allowance paid, services pr ovided, placement provided and Ofsted ratings. On carrying out a through analysis of these factors would enable me to gain an understanding of the positioning of these companies in the market. The learning process reached its peak when I could prepare a framework for my project report as shown below. Framework of the competitor analysis Working in teams There were times when I had to inherit the qualities or role of a leader, friend, colleague and subordinate while working as a part of a team. Good team leadership is to create conditions which would allow thoughts, ideas and people to succeed, by coming together and with a flow in the performance. When in pursuit of challenging team goals one can encourage effective teamwork by balancing peoples strengths with building good relationships. I enjoyed working with this team. The team would meet twice a week to discuss our parts and understand the progress each one of us was making. We would go to the office to meet with the client twice a week till the middle of July. The difficulties I faced in working in this team were communicating with Li who is Chinese and has a funny English accent. Similarly, she would have found our accent funny and would have found it a little difficult to grasp an understanding in one conversation. There were numerous occasions most recently today itself when I had to ask her to repeat her suggestion on the recommendation because I could not understand her English in the first attempt. Despite the cultural and geographical differences, it was an interesting experience working with a person from another country. I adjusted my method of working and communicating with the dynamics of the team. I believe this would be a key requirement for my future prospects when I work in an organisation. It is very important to adjust and settle down in accordance with the dynamics of the team you are working with. Despite our differences, we were a team that worked together, fought the difficulties and appreciated each others work. (Lawf ord, 2003) We shared work in such a way that every member could use his/her strengths to attain the required goal and not have to work on tasks which required skills which may be deficient. By doing this we increased the productivity of the team and the team morale. An example could be that I was good at making charts and compiling the whole report, whereas Li was good at the editing work and proof reading and accordingly we distributed the tasks to achieve proper synergy. An example of our progress as a team with reference to the Tuckmans Team Model Tuckmans Stages of Team Development Tuckmans model gives an understanding of how a newly formed team gradually develops maturity, ability and the establishment of relationships within the team members. From the Forming stage where the team comes together for the first time through 4 different stages the team goes through a series of changes and ultimately performs as a team and works towards achieving its goals Forming  stage Formation of the team Tuckmans model explains In this stage the team has been assembled and tasks are allocated among members. Team members pretend to get on with each other but they might not trust each other due to not knowing each other well enough. At this stage I felt it was important to bring the group together and work on our goals. It was important that we established our roles and this stage was a period of high learning. It is a stage where I learnt about beliefs, attitudes and observed the behaviour of my team members. Such things gave me an idea to understand these individuals and thus understand the group dynamics which were going to be formed. Storming Tuckmans model explains In this stage the team members strive to get down with the issues and ways to achieving them. At this stage, it is expected that arguments and tempers will flare. We did have a lot of arguments regarding each others report analysis and findings. The arguments occurred on topics such as format of the reports, whose part should come first and also the word count. As mentioned above, the incident where I named a file wrongly had led to arguments. Sometimes teams can become stuck in this phase for a long time due to persistent arguments and problems. At this stage the most important thing is to listen to each other, there was a need to create a positive vibe in the group and appreciate each others work. There was a necessity to set tasks and walk along with the team towards the next step. Hence a belief of yes we can was needed to make the transfer to the next stage. Norming  stage Tuckmans model explains This as the stage where the team members get used to the working ways of each other and develop trust and strive for team productivity. In this phase teams begin to work as a cohesive unit trusting each other. Li and Mani were aware that I work through the night and sleep early in the morning right upto 11 a.m. Hence we used to schedule some meetings for 1p.m. or later. Mani and I took a little longer to finish our sections of the report because we had a tough time getting the data we needed from secondary sources. Li understood and appreciated this difficulty. We had developed an understanding of exactly what was going on in each others section of report. It is highly important to self evaluate and communicate effectively at this stage. We shared responsibility by delegating tasks to be completed between the three of us. The risk at this stage was that the team could become complacent and lose its creativity or driving force that is required to achieve success in its goals. Our team did not lose its focus we kept working towards a common goal and took the step towards the final stage of our project. Performing  stage Tuckmans model explains This is a stage where the team is totally committed and strives towards a common goal. This is the final stage of the team where it focuses in finishing the tasks it set out and adjourning. Once we finished individual parts of group report, we met regularly at Manchester Business School to discuss the link between the 3 parts. At this stage individuals in the team are highly motivated for the success of the team wasting little time with high trust on one another. We proof-read each others work and thoroughly examined each others recommendations, sometimes through discussions, before coming to a consensus. It is key to note that a team according to tuckmans model can return to an earlier level if there is a change, for instance a review of the recommendations or the report or if a team member leaves prematurely. Difficulties Faced and How I Overcame Them At the outset of this Internship project I faced plenty of difficulties. In this section I reflect on the difficulties that I faced and what I did to overcome them. The beginning period was very tough for me from a personal point of view. My Father had a heart problem during May end/June start. I could not concentrate on my work and kept thinking about how things would be back home and worrying. It was an emotional and stressful beginning. At such time, there is no way to find out if your family is telling you the truth about the situation or otherwise. This makes things all the more difficult. It took me about ten to fourteen days to get back to normal self and believing that everything was alright. Nevertheless, this incident motivated me a lot to give it my best shot. I worked harder than ever to make my parents proud of me. 6.1 Problem solving model This problem solving model was adapted by me from the eight disciplines problem solving method. (David Bruce, 2010) I reflect on different problems I faced during the project and how I used this model to find a solution to those problems. Lack of Data During the early days of the project I had a tough time because I was reading information that had nothing to do with competitor analysis. Such was the vast nature of information provided to me about Fostering Solutions. I was given a number of books on fostering, care and training methods, which I read and found out, had nothing to do with my competitor analysis. A lot of precious time was wasted in going through irrelevant data. Often in research projects consultants could spend time reading, researching information that are of no use in the research but still have to be read and assessed to find out its use in future analysis. When analysing this problem with respect to the model I concluded the best option would be to create a framework and scope for my research. By doing so I exactly understood the data I was required to collect and carry out further analysis. I got all the data regarding Fostering Solutions from the company. However getting information about competitors to undertake a competitor analysis was a challenging task. Getting the financial data such as turnover, profit margin proved to a job in itself. During a meeting with Dr. Kurt, he suggested FAME database and it worked. The data for 8 companies out of 9 was available but TACT being a charity organisation there was no data. Another problem was that for Orange Grove (now taken over by Hillcrest Foster Care) and SWIIS the financial information available was only for the year 2008 and not 2009. But the data for other companies was available as per our requirement. The research could have been better had I got the required annual reports of these companies. I overcame this difficulty by considering the options to counter this problem. I selected the best suitable option which would be to conduct a comparison of these companies on data that I had such as services provided or fost er carer allowance. In this way I used my problem solving model and decided to concentrate on the data I possessed to continue my competitor analysis, rather than getting demotivated about the unavailable data. Similarly, getting data regarding the foster carer allowance was a hurdle. This information is important as it provides insight into who provides the best allowance to the foster carers and where Fostering Solutions stands in comparison. The hindrances I faced during this task were immense. This data for many competitors was not available directly; it was either hidden in the services page or FAQs section. By The Bridge did not divulge this information as it was not present on their website, but only in their brochure which they wont send out unless an initial application was filled. I went to the step 2 of my problem solving model and tried a few options to find out this data. I tried calling fostering companies on my radar and acting like a person who was interested in foster care and asked for access to their annual reports, brochure and foster carer allowance. I was told there was no access to annual reports and for brochure I would be required to fill in an application form. Lat er, I decided to try calling them saying I was a Manchester Business School postgraduate student and wanted their brochure, annual report of 2009 or 2008 as I am doing a research project on fostering industry. Even this trick did not work as they outsmarted me. The person I spoke to told me to forward my research project plan and key objectives and then only they will send this information. I could obviously not send this because the research objective was a competitor analysis for the benefit of Fostering Solutions. Thus, foster carer allowance for By The Bridge and TACT could not be found out after exploring the options stage. Hence I went to step 3 of the problem solving model and decided to compare these companies on other key factors such as size, turnover, ofsted ratings and services provided. Similarly, there was no data available regarding number of children placed by each of the competing companies. It would have been very helpful and interesting if I could have got data regarding children placed by each of 9 competitors. There was data available only regarding total children placed by all the Independent agencies and local authorities. I have included the same in the competitor analysis, but there was no data available on children placed by each competitor. Vast nature of the project The vast nature of the project and short span of time of 3 months to complete was a hindrance. According to our Academic supervisor Prof Kurt this project could have been carried out as a PhD for a three year term, such was its wide scope. I had 4000 to 6000 words to present and analyse data, compare the 9 companies to fostering solutions and come up with how they compete with them. This was always going to be too short to compile reports on these companies, write down my analysis, analysis regarding financial data, compile findings/comparison for each company to fostering solutions and lastly recommendations. I progressed to step 2 of the problem solving model and explored my options. Then I selected the suitable option of presenting some of the important data in the appendix and decided to strictly following the framework I had set out for the project and restricting myself to only presenting analysis and information that was key and omitting irrelevant data. Skills Utilized, skills I Lacked and Skills Acquired Skills Utilized Skills I utilized to successful completion of the project It is extremely crucial that a consultant has a complete understanding of the project requirement. I achieved this by breaking down the project into small elements and developed my understanding of the requirement of my client. This was done by discussing the project brief in detail with Fostering Solutions and Prof Kurt. Having applied this skill effectively I now feel I would be able to carry this experience on to future assignments I receive at my workplace. Secondly, having broken down the project into tasks I utilized my communication skills to keep the client informed about my progress in the report. I used the 7 Cs of communication clarity, confidence, comprehensive, concise, conviction, comfort and charisma to effectively communicate throughout the project.(Leslie, 2010) Having good communication skills helped me massively because this being a team project, there were three lines of communication. Firstly with the client, secondly with my team and thirdly with my academic supervisor Prof Kurt. Hence, to avoid confusion it was important to see that everyone was on the same wavelength. This was achieved by arranging a meeting between the company supervisors and our academic supervisor, Prof. Kurt. We agreed that all communication regarding meeting with our academic supervisor would be handled by Mani Shankar. I would be reporting directly to Michelle at Fostering Solutions and emailing Prof Kurt regularly regarding the progress of my report. We had a number of meetings at Manchester Business School and Fostering Solutions to discuss the progress of the project. Once the channels of communication were established early in the project, I had no problems working on the report and communicating with both the supervisors. Thirdly, I needed to be a good analyst to successfully progress in this report. Prof. Kurt gave me a nudge in the right direction by suggesting FAME database to me to look for financial data of companies that are available. Once this was done, competitors were assessed and compared with Fostering Solutions on turnover, profit margin, foster carer allowance paid, services provided and placements provided. This required a lot of data collection most of which was secondary and required a lot of analysis to find out exactly how they competed with Fostering Solutions in the market. Having analysed data on each competitor I discussed it with Michelle and Prof Kurt and got their feedback on the same. I found out an interesting statistics at fostering.net. From this file I found out that local authorities were always going to be big competitors with independent agencies in this industry. They had placed more children, recruited more foster carers and received more applications than the independent fostering agencies across the UK. This was the first analysis I had conducted. Showing it and proving it in meetings at MBS with the supervisors and again at Fostering Solutions gave me a lot of confidence. I started believing in my abilities to succeed in this challenging project and provide a lasting contribution to the success of Fostering Solutions. I found it difficult and challenging to collect the data required in order to carry out my analysis. FAME provided limited information and financial data for some companies were available only for the year 2008. There was no other way to find out the information I needed. I overcame this problem by comparing and doing my analysis for these companies on other variables such as foster carer allowance and services provided. Belief in my abilities grew when I discovered that local authorities had recruited, placed more children and received more applications than independent agencies and proved it with evidence in a meeting at Fostering Solutions. I conducted my analysis on turnovers, foster carer allowance, services provided and the locations of the competitors. This understanding was essential for me to come up with important observations regarding how the competitors compete with Fostering Solutions. Thus, in this way I excelled in using my analytical skills. Skills that I developed during this internship were my planning, organisational skills and time management. If I had to be successful in this project it was essential for me to plan and organise tasks before executing them. I believe I did this efficiently. One thing I would like to highlight and criticise myself is it took me a while to get a head start; Prof. Kurt and Michelle were extremely understandable, patient and helpful. This report could have been better if I had made a better start and I am critical about this issue. Though, the effort that has been put in is the same as I worked longer hours at a stretch when the real assignment began. I efficiently planned the time schedule for understanding the industry, data collection, analysis and writing the report. After analysing the data I would discuss it with Michelle. She would give her feedback and I would incorporate the completed data and analysis in my written report. As planned I completed writing my report before August 22nd 2010. Hence I believe that I have developed good planning and organising skills because without them I would not have been able to complete this project within the time duration; especially after the slow start that I had. One skill I lacked due to my inexperience of working on a project of such magnitude was presentation skills with respect to formatting and presenting a management report. This was the first time I had worked as a consultant for a company. I had no idea about how to present a report of such magnitude. Prof Kurt in one of our final meetings was critical about the way I had presented and written my report. My report draft had a shabby presentation with parts in bold, unnecessary paragraphs and some parts underlined unnecessarily. Prof Kurt showed me the right way and guided me to prepare the report and present it in a more professional and readable way. He taught me that presentation is a key aspect in report writing and all the hard work done could be undone by a shabby presentation. He gave us ideas to make the report look good and interesting to the reader. AIDA Model Attention Interest Desire Action I learnt that a good presentation of the report is a must because firstly it will capture the attention of the reader and generate an interest in the material. After which the reader would develop a desire to read it. These lessons will remain with me for the rest of my life and in future when I work for a company and have to present a consulting report I would reflect upon these lessons Prof Kurt enlightened upon me. (Aida, 2010) Working with Fostering Solutions The Client Fostering Solutions were supportive of this project. Michelle my supervisor was very excited about the whole project from the start. She was very friendly, supportive to me during the duration of the project. I was given a lot of freedom to choose whether to go and work from the office or working from my home/business school library. Michelle could not give me proper feedback because my report was in bits and pieces and in draft format till start of first week of August. But once I sent her the report in full, she helped me edit and also proof read given data analysis for me. Once I submitted my final draft to her, she was very happy with it and gave me her feedback. Michele and Prof Kurt appreciated my effort inspite of the challenges I faced such as lack of data, time constraints, word constraints to conduct a competitor analysis. Michele presented my findings, analysis and recommendations to the director of Fostering Solutions who requested for the FAME financial data to be put in the appendix, and congratulated me for my good work. In my recommendations to the client I adopted a diplomatic method to avoid being too critical or too polite. Michele was critical about a few of my recommendations at first, but once we debated the issues involved she realised that I had raised valid arguments. My responsibility was to recommend ways in which Fostering Solutions could compete in a better way in the market with respect to competitors. Hence I had to find out and raise concerns in the current working methods/strategy of Fostering Solutions in comparison with its competitors. This had to be done with care due to sensitivity of the issue involved, no organisation would like to hear or accept their faults or limitations. Thus I had to structure my recommendations in such a way that it would be read and accepted by the client. The reason being unless they are accepted with an open mind there is no chance of it being implemented by the organisation. Self evaluation model Following is a self evaluation model in which I assess the utilization of skills in this internship project using a coordinate diagram. X axis Skills to be evaluated 1 Planning and organising tasks 2- Communication skills 3- Analytical 4 Problem solving skills 5- Presentation skills with respect to formatting, editing. 6- Team work 7- Creativity Y axis Perfomance rating 1 Poor 2 Satisfactory 3 Good 4 Excellent Self evaluation model Excellent 4- (1, 4) (3, 4) (6, 4) Good 3- (2, 3) (4, 3) Satisfactory 2 (5, 2) (7, 2) Poor 1- 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Skills to be evaluated Coordinates and evaluation using the coordinates model (1, 4) Planning and organising skills Excellent (2, 3) Communication skills Good (3, 4) Analytical skills Good (4, 3) Problem solving skills Good (5, 2) Presentation skills with respect to formatting and editing, presentation of work has to be improved -Satisfact

Designing a radio frequency controlled robot platform

Introduction:Presents, wireless communicating engineering has been spread outing quickly. It is important part to human being as the distance between each other become shorter because of these radio engineerings, such as Radio Frequency, Microwave, Bluetooth, LAN and WIFI engineerings. Wireless communicating devices are indispensable to human being lives as people use to pass on with other by utilizing cordless phones and other radio devices. Besides that, wireless frequence devices are being applied in infirmary or a nursing place for monitoring of patients, and besides the radio mouse, keyboards for computing machine countries and robotics every bit good. Since the radio communicating engineering is important and indispensable to human lives, so the wireless frequence technique has been chosen as the robot remote control in order to look into and use this engineering. The wireless frequence technique uses on this undertaking but non other radio engineerings because it has the suited transmittal scope and more dependable than other techniques. For illustration, infrared technique requires signal transmit in line with unobstructed between the sender and receiving system. Radio frequence technique applies on this undertaking for conveying the signal sent by user from sender to robot ‘s receiving system in order to command the going waies of automaton, such as move frontward, rearward, left or right. The scope between RF sender and receiving system is based on the frequence of its faculty. Higher frequence RF faculty will hold farther transmittal scope and RF range from 100 kilohertzs to 1 GHz. It is propagating along the land or contemplation from the ionosphere so reaches the receiving system. The wireless frequence controlled robot platform motions non merely command by RF remote control, but besides obstacle sensors. Two supersonic detectors are installed on the forepart and dorsum of automaton to move as obstruction sensors to avoid obstruction in the class set by the accountant. Furthermore, a PIC ( Peripheral Interface Controller ) is used to command the turning way of motors which the automaton wheels by determines RF and supersonic detector signals. When there is an obstruction in the class set of automaton, automaton will halt, so LED on automaton platform will illume on and the doorbell will makes a warning sound to bespeak accountant to alter the going way of automaton.Aim:The purpose of the undertaking is to plan a RF ( Radio Frequency ) Controlled Robot Platform which the going way of automaton is controlled by RF remote control within a peculiar scope without the usage of electrical music directors. Besides that, detectors will be installed to move as an obstr uction sensor of this automaton to do certain it can avoid obstructions in the class set by the accountant. Furthermore, a micro accountant will be used to command and to implements the operation by analysis the signal receives from distant control and detectors. For this undertaking, it involves larning to utilize detectors, Peripheral Interface Controllers and larning its scheduling every bit good.BACKGROUND LITERATURE:A PIC microcontroller is use to move as a control Centre of the automaton as it has computation, memory and I/O maps. By utilizing PIC, C scheduling or assembly linguistic communications accomplishments are required as microcontroller operations are based on the package programming to implement the undertakings. The PIC16F76 [ 1 ] has been chosen as the microcontroller of this undertaking as it has several particular pins and characteristics that suits for this undertaking demands such as: O PIC16F76 has a entire figure of 28 pins. It is made up of three I/O ports ( Port A, B and C ) which has a 22 I/O pins in sum. O In I/O port A, there are five input channels of 8-bit Analog-to-Digital Module which allows transition of an parallel input signal to a corresponding 8-bit digital figure that is helpful in analysis the signal transmits from RF receiving system. O Two PWM ( Pulse Width Modulation ) Capture/Compare pins those are good in control the velocity and on/off of the DC motor by puting PWM responsibility rhythm. O SCL and SDA pins can pass on with supersonic straight. An supersonic is a type of detector that uses to bring forth high frequence ( above 20 KHz ) sound wave pulsations and detects an object by construing the reverberations signal from its sound moving ridge pulsation. The sound moving ridge pulsations are going in one way, when it detects an object, the echoed signal will be reflected back to the transducer of the supersonic detector. The scope from detector to object is able to find by ciphering the continuance of clip between the minute the sound wave pulse detects the object and clip for the echoed signal to return back to detector. When detector detects an object, it will trip a signal and sends it to PIC. Supersonic detector is good in observing liquids, seeable objects and irregularly molded objects. Therefore, it has been chosen to move as an obstruction sensor of this undertaking instead than other detectors. Besides that, supersonic detector has a higher sensing scope and the reflected signal does non affected by the surface and colour of objects. The supersonic detector SRF08 [ 2 ] is a high public presentation supersonic scope finder with a scope from 3cm to 6m. The communicating between SRF08 with microcontroller is via I2C coach. The I2C coach consists of 2 active wires and a land. Bi-directional SDA and SCL are the active coachs. SDA is Serial Data line and SCL is Consecutive Clock line, both of them have a pull-up resistance to +5v someplace on I2C coach. SRF08 is ever a slave ne'er a coach maestro. For the wireless frequence remote control, the wireless wave signal can go through around or through the object, such as wood, glass, walls and other stuffs. The advantages of utilizing wireless frequence remote control are, signal transmits range farther than infrared distant control and signal does non necessitate to be transmitted in line to receiver. The disadvantage of utilizing wireless moving ridges to convey signal is, signal will be affected by the presence electromagnetic intervention in the environment. A RF faculty [ 3 ] ( TWS-434 and RWS-434 ) has transmitter frequence 433.92 MHz when it end product is 8mW with a scope of about 200 pes for indoors and 400 pes for out-of-doorss. It is ability to accept both digital and additive inputs. Operating electromotive force is 1.5 to 12 volts-DC. For the RWS-434 receiving system, it is besides operates at the same frequence which is 433.92 MHz and a sensitiveness of 3uV. The receiving system has both additive and digital end produ cts and runing electromotive force from 4.5 to 5.5 volts-DC supply. Two DC Gear motors are installed on the automaton platform as the motor thrusts ( wheels of automaton ) . The EMG30 [ 4 ] motor is a DC motor with encoder. Encoder is used to tracking the figure of revolutions and the place of motor. The rated electromotive force of this motor is 12v. These are the characteristics of EMG30 DC motor: O No burden velocity: 216 revolutions per minute O No load current: 150 ma O Rated torsion: 1.5 kg/cm O Rated current: 530 ma O Rated velocity: 170 revolutions per minute O Rated end product: 4.22 W The motor shaft can be rotated in two waies that clockwise or counter-clockwise way. Therefore, the automaton moves frontward or rearward merely inversing the mutual opposition of the power supply of the DC motor. The turning operation makes by holding two wheels turning in different waies at the same time. This motor has Hall detectors [ 5 ] every bit good. A hall detector varies its end product electromotive force in response to alterations in magnetic field, it used for placement and velocity sensing applications of this undertaking. An H-bridge is a four shift elements device which enables a electromotive force to be applied across the motor or burden in merely one way. It is utilizing to move as a motor control circuit that allow DC motor to run forwards and backwards by providing the electromotive force to different switches. An H-bridge is built with four switches. When the switches S1 and S4 are closed, S2 and S3 are unfastened a positive electromotive force will be applied across the motor. The electromotive force will be in the reversed way by opening S1 and S4 switches, shuting S2 and S3 switches. The H-bridge is by and large used to change by reversal the mutual opposition of the motor, but it can be besides used to halt the motor or to allow the motor run freely. Switches S1 and S2 or S3 and S4 should non be closed at the same clip as it will do a short circuit on the input electromotive force. L298 [ 6 ] is a high electromotive force and high current double full-bridge driver. The chief intent of L298 is to move as a motor accountant to command the rotate way of DC motor harmonizing to the end product electromotive force from PIC. It is taken from mention of â€Å" H-bridges: Theory and Practice † , available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mcmanis.com/chuck/robotics/tutorial/h-bridge/S1S2S3S4Motions of the motor1001Motor moves right0110Motor moves left0000Motor free tallies0101Motor brakes1010Motor brakesWORK DONE:In the past few hebdomads, a batch of consideration and research undertakings have been done. For illustration, the extension rule of wireless frequence, and besides the working rule of H-bridge motor control and PWM. Some tutorials that helpful and related to the PIC scheduling have been read as good. On the other manus, all the constituents of this undertaking have been decided after reading the datasheets of each constituent. At the same clip, automaton platform has been designed and sent to the mechanical ‘s workshop in order to cut metal home base into the designed form. Furthermore, the pin connexions between the PIC, detectors and motors have been decided after reading d atasheets of constituents and PIC. So far, the advancement of this undertaking is on the measure of circuit conventional designing and larning the package scheduling of PIC undertakings. Pin 1: Seriess connected with a 10kI © resistance to +5v DC supply. Pins 2 & A ; 3: End product ports for LEDs. Pins 5 & A ; 7: to move as inputs from shaft encodes of motor. Pin 8: Connect to land. Pin 9 & A ; 10: Connect to a parallel crystal 4 MHz and two series 33 pF capacitances with land. Pins 12 & A ; 13: PWM outputs connect to the H-bridge. Pins 14 & A ; 15: I/O ports of I2C lines connect to the supersonic detectors. Pin 18: End product port for doorbell. Pins 25 & A ; 26: End product signals connect to H-bridge. Pins 21, 22, 23 and 24: Act as input ports from RF receiving system.Advancement AND Plan:Now, it is on the measure of larning package scheduling and circuit conventional designing undertakings, but it is a small spot delayed due to the clip disbursement on the undertaking less than undertaking program for past few hebdomads, since I was busy in making other faculty ‘s assignments and could non make up one's mind the constituents on clip. On the following semester, the clip disbursement on this undertaking will be more than the novice program in order to catch up the advancement that has been planned as undertaking program. These are the major undertakings that will transport out consequently on the undermentioned semester: 1. RF faculty proving. 2. Supersonic faculty testing. 3. DC motor testing. 4. PCB circuit design. 5. PCB etching and soldering of constituents. 6. Prototype theoretical account building. 7. Trial and seek run the automaton system to modify the scheduling of PIC. 8. Troubleshooting and debugging. 9. Test overall functionality. On the undermentioned semester, the clip disbursement on making this undertaking will be 18 hours per hebdomad. The item agenda of this undertaking has been shown on the Gantt chart.List OF REFERENCE:Book:DEVENDRA K. MISRA, â€Å" Radio-Frequency and Microwave Communication Circuits † , Printed in the United States of America, By John Wiley & A ; Sons, Inc, 2001. Newton C. Braga, â€Å" Roboticss, Mechatronics, and Artificial Intelligence, Experimental Circuit Blocks for Designers † , Printed in the United States of America, By Newnes Boston Oxford Auckland Johannesburg Melbourne New Delhi, 2002.Internet:Richard J. Valentine, â€Å" Motor Control Electronics Handbook † , Printed in the United States of America, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. , accessed by 30th October 2009, E-book, available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.com/books? id=kLZL5hTsVIYC & A ; printsec=frontcover & A ; source=gbs_navlinks_s # v=onepage & A ; q= & A ; f=false Jim Brown, â€Å" Brief H-BRIDGE THEORY OF OPERATION † , Written at April 1998, accessed by 1st November 2009, available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dprg.org/tutorials/1998-04a/ Chuck McManis, â€Å" H-bridges: Theory and Practice † , accessed by 1st November 2009, available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mcmanis.com/chuck/robotics/tutorial/h-bridge/ Milan Verle, â€Å" PIC Microcontrollers † , mikroElektronika ; 1st edition, Written at 2008, accessed by 25th November 2009, available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mikroe.com/en/books/picmcubook/ch5/ Nebojsa Matic, â€Å" Programing PIC Microcontroller in BASIC † , mikroElektronika, Chapter 6 PWM Module, accessed by 1st December 2009, available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mikroe.com/en/books/picbasicbook/06.htm # 6.5 Chuck McManis, â€Å" H-bridges: Theory and Practice † , accessed by 1st November 2009, available from: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.mcmanis.com/chuck/robotics/tutorial/h-bridge/Bibliography[ 1 ] PIC16F7X Data Sheet 28/40-Pin, 8-bit CMOS FLASH Microcontroller, By Microchip Technology, Inc. , 2002. hypertext transfer protocol: //ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/30325b.pdf [ 2 ] SRF08 High Performance Ultrasonic Range Finder, By Acroname, Inc. , 1994-2009. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.acroname.com/robotics/parts/R145-SRF08.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.robot-electronics.co.uk/htm/srf08tech.shtml [ 3 ] Radio Frequency Module ( TWS-434 and RWS-434 ) Data Sheet, By Rentron Electronic. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rentron.com/Files/rf.pdf [ 4 ] DC Gear motor ( EMG 30 ) Data Sheet, By technonots.co.uk. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.technobots.co.uk/acatalog/info_1453_005.html [ 5 ] Hall Sensor Principles, By Honeywell.com. hypertext transfer protocol: //content.honeywell.com/sensing/prodinfo/solidstate/technical/chapter2.pdf [ 6 ] L298 H-Bridge Data Sheet, By STMicroelectronics. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.st.com/stonline/products/literature/ds/1773.pdf

Understanding Fearful Avoidant Attachment Style

Individuals with a  fearful avoidant attachment style desire close relationships, but feel uncomfortable relying on others and fear being let down. Fearful avoidant is one of four key styles of attachment proposed by psychologist John Bowlby, who developed attachment theory.   Key Takeaways: Fearful Avoidant Attachment Attachment theory is a theory in psychology that explains how and why we form close relationships to other people.According to attachment theory, our early experiences in life can cause us to develop expectations that affect our relationships throughout our lives.Individuals with a fearful avoidant attachment style worry about being rejected and are uncomfortable with closeness in their relationships.Having a fearful avoidant attachment style is linked to negative outcomes, such as a higher risk of social anxiety and depression as well as less fulfilling interpersonal relationships.Recent research suggests that it’s possible to change one’s attachment style and to develop healthier ways of relating to others. Attachment Theory Overview When studying the interactions between infants and their caregivers, Bowlby noticed that infants had a need to be in close proximity to their caregivers and that they often became quite distressed when separated. Bowlby suggested that this response was part of an evolved behavior: because young infants are dependent upon parents for caregiving, forming a close attachment to parents is evolutionarily adaptive.  Ã‚   According to attachment theory, individuals develop expectations about how other people will behave  based upon  those early attachments.  For example, if a childs parents are generally responsive and supportive when he or she is distressed, attachment theory would predict that the child would become a trusting adult. On the other hand, a child whose parents responded inconsistently or negatively might have difficulty trusting others upon reaching adulthood.   The 4 Attachment Styles Generally speaking, there are four different prototypical attachment styles that can explain our attitudes and beliefs about relationships: Secure.  Individuals with a secure attachment  style feel comfortable trusting others. They see themselves as worthy of love and support and are confident that others will support them if they need help.Anxious (also known as preoccupied or anxious-ambivalent). Anxiously attached individuals want to rely on others, but worry that others won’t support them in the way that they want. According to psychologists Kim Bartholomew and Leonard Horowitz, anxiously attached individuals typically have positive evaluations of other people but tend to doubt their self-worth, which causes them to seek out the support of others but also worry about whether their feelings for others will be reciprocated.Avoidant (also known as dismissing-avoidant). Avoidant individuals  tend to limit the closeness of their relationships and feel uncomfortable relying on other people. According to Bartholomew and Horowitz, avoidant individuals typically have positive views of themselves but believe that other people can’t be counted on. Consequently, avoidant individuals tend to remain independent and often try to avoid any form of dependence.Fearful avoidant.  Individuals  with a fearful avoidant attachment style have characteristics of both anxious and avoidant individuals. Bartholomew and Horowitz write that they tend to have negative views of both themselves and others, feel unworthy of support, and anticipate that others will not support them. As a result, they feel uncomfortable relying on others despite a desire for close relationships. Most people do not  fit the attachment style prototypes perfectly; instead, researchers measure attachment style as a spectrum. In attachment questionnaires, researchers give participants questions measuring both their anxiety and avoidance in relationships. Anxiety  survey items include statements such as, â€Å"Im afraid that I will lose my partners love,† while avoidance survey items include statements like, I  dont feel comfortable opening up to romantic partners.† On these measures of attachment, fearful avoidant individuals  score highly on both anxiety and avoidance. Roots of the Fearful Avoidant Attachment Style If parents are not responsive to a childs needs, the child may develop a fearful avoidant attachment style. Psychologist  Hal Shorey writes that people with fearful avoidant attachment styles may have had parents who responded to their needs in threatening ways or who were otherwise unable to care for and comfort the child. Similarly, researcher Antonia Bifulco  found that fearful avoidant attachment is  linked to childhood abuse and neglect. However, some research suggests that fearful avoidant attachment style may have other origins as well. In fact,  in one study  conducted by  Katherine Carnelley and her colleagues, the researchers found that attachment style was related to participants’ relationships with their mothers when they looked at college student participants. However, among a group of older participants, researchers did not find the expected link between early experiences and attachment. In other words, while early life experiences do affect attachment style, other factors may also play a role. Key Studies Some research suggests that fearful avoidant attachment style is connected to  an increased  risk of anxiety and depression. In a study conducted by Barbara Murphy and Glen Bates at the Swinburne University of Technology in Australia, researchers compared attachment style and symptoms of depression among 305 research participants. The researchers found that fewer than 20% of participants had a fearful avoidant attachment style, but, among participants whom the researchers categorized as depressed, the prevalence of fearful avoidant attachment was much higher. In fact, nearly half of  participants categorized as depressed displayed a fearful avoidant attachment style. Other research has corroborated these findings.   Psychologists have found that individuals  with secure attachment styles tend to self-report  healthier and more satisfying relationships than insecurely attached individuals. In a study conducted by noted attachment researchers  Cindy Hazan and Phillip Shaver, researchers asked participants questions  about their most important romantic relationships. The researchers found that secure participants reported having relationships that lasted longer than avoidant and anxious participants’ relationships. Because fearful avoidant attachment style encompasses elements of both anxiety and avoidance, this particular attachment style can lead to interpersonal difficulties. For example, Shorey writes that people with a fearful avoidant attachment style want close relationships, but may pull away because of their anxieties and worries about relationships. Changing Attachment Style According to recent research, the negative outcomes of fearful avoidant attachment style are not inevitable. Individuals can utilize therapy to change relationship behavior patterns and cultivate a more secure attachment style. According to  the Greater Good Science Center, therapy  provides an outlet for understanding ones attachment style and practicing  new ways of thinking about relationships. Additional research has found that being in a relationship with someone who is securely attached can be beneficial to those with less secure attachment styles. In other words, people with less secure attachment styles may gradually become more comfortable if they are in a relationship with someone who has a secure attachment style. If two individuals who are not securely attached find themselves in a relationship together, it has been suggested that they may benefit from couple’s therapy. Healthier relationship dynamics are possible by coming to understand ones own attachment style as well as the attachment style of ones partner. Sources and Further Reading Bartholomew, Kim. â€Å"Avoidance of Intimacy: An Attachment Perspective.† Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 7.2 (1990): 147-178. http://www.rebeccajorgensen.com/libr/Journal_of_Social_and_Personal_Relationships-1990-Bartholomew-147-781.pdfBartholomew, Kim and Leonard M. Horowitz. â€Å"Attachment Styles Among Young Adults: A Test of a Four-Category Model.† Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 61.2 (1991): 226-244. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/6b60/00ae9911fa9f9ec6345048b5a20501bdcedf.pdfBifulco, Antonia, et al. â€Å"Adult Attachment Style As Mediator Between Childhood Neglect/Abuse and Adult Depression and Anxiety.† Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 41.10 (2006): 796-805. http://attachmentstyleinterview.com/pdf%20files/Adult_Att_Style_as_Mediator.pdfCarnelley, Katherine B., Paula R. Pietromonaco, and Kenneth Jaffe. â€Å"Depression, Working Models of Others, and Relationship Functioning.† Journal of Personality and Soc ial Psychology 66.1 (1994): 127-140. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8126643Djossa, Erica. â€Å"Is There Hope for the Insecurely Attached?† Science of Relationships (2014, June 19). http://www.scienceofrelationships.com/home/2014/6/19/is-there-hope-for-the-insecurely-attached.htmlâ€Å"The Experiences in Close Relationships Scale-Revised (ECR-R) Questionnaire.† http://fetzer.org/sites/default/files/images/stories/pdf/selfmeasures/Attachment-ExperienceinCloseRelationshipsRevised.pdfFraley, R. Chris. â€Å"Adult Attachment Theory and Research: A Brief Overview.† University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: Department of Psychology (2018). http://labs.psychology.illinois.edu/~rcfraley/attachment.htmHazan, Cindy, and Phillip Shaver. â€Å"Romantic Love Conceptualized as an Attachment Process.† Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 52.3 (1987): 511-524. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a7ed/78521d0d3a52b6ce532e89ce6ba185b355c3.pdfLaslocky, Meghan. à ¢â‚¬Å"How to Stop Attachment Insecurity from Ruining Your Love Life.† Greater Good Magazine (2014, Feb. 13). https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/how_to_stop_attachment_insecurity_from_ruining_your_love_lifeMurphy, Barbara, and Glen W. Bates. â€Å"Adult Attachment Style and Vulnerability to Depression.† Personality and Individual Differences 22.6 (1997): 835-844. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886996002772Shorey, Hal. â€Å"Come Here-Go Away; the Dynamics of Fearful Attachment.† Psychology Today: The Freedom to Change (2015, May 26). https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-freedom-change/201505/come-here-go-away-the-dynamics-fearful-attachment

Historical Accuracy of the Film Good Night Good Luck Essay

The Movie â€Å"good night good luck† is incredibly historically accurate. The Movie uses authentic clips that show McCarthy and many speeches Murrow used. World War ended in 1945 leaving a broken Europe and a communist block behind. The United States quickly receded back to the red scare that had existed before WWII. The United States quickly set an anti-communist stance and prepared for a war against the communists. While the war never came some enterprising individuals placed themselves in powerful positions using the paranoia created. Among these individuals one came forward and began one of the most controversial historical programs. Joe McCarthy a nobody Wisconsin’s junior senator made his name when he gave a speech claiming his†¦show more content†¦Using Edward Murrow’s speeches means that the â€Å"Good Night and Good Luck† keeps close to the truth. Using Authentic Material during this movie helps Clooney illustrate the true story. Some would claim any movie made for entertainment must possess some historical flaws â€Å"Good Night, and Good Luck† defies that rule even having the characters private lives straight. Don Hollenbeck committed suicide because using gas for the exact reasons the movie listed. State Master Encyclopedia states â€Å"He died from natural gas inhalation†¦ several reasons that it might have been suicide included health problems, a broken marriage, and frequent published attacks by Jack OBrian† (State master Encyclopedia). This event was completely and well illustrated in the movie. Joe and Shirley Wershba the married couple were really married which was forbidden through C.B.S. policy. Brooklyn College states, â€Å"Wershbas had to keep their marriage secret from their employers.† (Brooklyn College). The movie even got Edward Murrow’s smoking habits right. Ed Murrow smoked huge amounts of cigarettes Shirley Wershba stated in her interview.  "Murrow was a four pack a day smoker† (Brooklyn College). â€Å"Good Night Good Luck† shows the real people acting in the movie brilliantly. The care Clooney takes showing the character’s accurately exemplifies the care he takes ensuring the movies complete accuracy. Filming this movie using material such as black and white camera’s, actual clips, and the timeShow MoreRelatedHistorical Accuracy Of The Film Good Night, And Good Luck2340 Words   |  10 PagesHistorical Accuracy of the film Good Night, and Good Luck Ed Murrow is one of the most well known and respected American television journalists of all time, and a source of inspiration for many. He is portrayed in George Clooney’s, Good Night, and Good Luck, as the anchor to the news show, See it Now, specifically surrounding the episodes focused on McCarthyism. These episodes were aired in the early 1950’s in the midst of the cold war and an era of intense anti-communist sentiment in America. McCarthyismRead MoreFilm Review: Good Night, and Good Luck1957 Words   |  8 PagesFilm Review: Good Night, and Good Luck By Nina Karimi â€Å"Good Night, and Good Luck† is not your typical Hollywood film full of conventional action, cliff hangers, and romance. It is however a masterpiece of its time, about an era that many Americans try to forget. George Clooney, an esteemed American Actor and director of this film tried to capture a period of time known as the McCarthy Era where the â€Å"red scare† or fear of communism allowed the Senator from Wisconsin to try and convictRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesreasoning has been enjoyable for me, but special thanks go to my children, Joshua, 8, and Justine, 3, for comic relief during the months of writing. This book is dedicated to them. For the 2012 edition: This book is dedicated to my wife Hellan whose good advice has improved the book in many ways. vi Table of Contents Preface.........................................................................................................................................................iii CopyrightRead MoreKellogg Case Book36421 Words   |  146 Pagesdirectly contact me, either of the Associate Editors, Prof. Marciano, the Kellogg CMC, or any of the 2003-2004 Kellogg Consulting Club co-chairs1. We are all here to help Kellogg first-years get as many summer consulting job offers as possible. Best of luck in the process! Edwin Van Dusen Editor, 2004 Kellogg Consulting Club Case Book Evanston, Illinois December, 2003 1 The co-chairs are Leo Castro, Ami Fadia, Hanna Norfleet, Jason Greenwald, Brian Oxley, and Ojas Wadikvar, all from the KelloggRead MoreInstructor Manual37126 Words   |  149 PagesChain Management Quick Supply Chains Enable Retailers to Get Fashions to Market Lickety-Split What is Operations and Supply Management? Operations and Supply Processes Differences Between Services and Goods Efficiency, effectiveness, and Value Careers in Operations and Supply Management Historical Development of Operations and Supply Management Current Issues in Operations and Supply Management Case: Harley-Davidson Motorcycles Overview Chapter one provides a very quick introduction to the fieldRead MoreElectronic Media vs Print (Thesis Paper)13276 Words   |  54 Pagesbroadcast system around his technology. Baird further demonstrated the worlds first color television transmission on 3 July 1928. ââ€" ª Charles Francis Jenkins, who demonstrated a primitive television system in 1923, Frank Conrad who demonstrated a movie-film-to-television converter at Westinghouse in 1928, and Frank Gray and Herbert E. Ives at Bell Labs who demonstrated wired long-distance television in 1927 and two-way television in 1930. ââ€" ª Completely electronic television systems relied on the inventionsRead MoreEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 Pagesfollowing sections of this BookRags Premium Study Guide is offprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.  ©1998-2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, IncRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesThe Making and Meaning of the New York City Landscape Gerda Lerner, Fireweed: A Political Autobiography Allida M. Black, ed., Modern American Queer History Eric Sandweiss, St. Louis: The Evolution of an American Urban Landscape Sam Wineburg, Historical Thinking and Other Unnatural Acts: Charting the Future of Teaching the Past Sharon Hartman Strom, Political Woman: Florence Luscomb and the Legacy of Radical Reform Michael Adas, ed., Agricultural and Pastoral Societies in Ancient and ClassicalRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pageslike to thank Richard Bruce, Ottawa University for updating the Test Bank and Online Quizzes; Charlie Cook, University of West Alabama for revising the PowerPoint slides; Oliver F. Lehmann for providing access to PMBOK study questions; and Mink for accuracy checking the text and Instructor’s Resource Manual content. Next, it is important to note that the text includes contributions from numerous students, colleagues, friends, and managers gleaned from professional conversations. We want them to knowRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 Pagesthink ... If he cannot devise his own solution (not, of course, in isolation, but in correspondence with the teacher and other pupils) and find his own way out he will not learn, not even if he can recite some correct answer with a hundred percent accuracy.4 The case analysis method brings reality into the classroom. When developed and presented effectively, with rich and interesting detail, cases keep conceptual discussions grounded in reality. Experience shows that simple fictional accounts of situations